Brian Boyle avatar

I have been trying to create wide-field (100 sq square degree+) mosaics for some time now. Although I have had some success, I am a little surprised by the lack of any good, easy tools in the various software suites. Particularly when compared to software in other areas; deconvolution, noise reduction, star reduction, gradient removal etc, etc.

For the ABC survey @James Tickner is writing a purpose built pakage for a mosaic of 500+ fields over the southern sky, but I thought I would check first just to see if there is something that we have missed.

My software writing experience is more than 30 years old, so I have to use ready-made tools. To date, I have found the best/easiest success with the mosaic mode in APP, it only works for up to 20 fields or so. It also fails for vert large areas, or areas near the pole. It is also a little bit of a “black box” so it can be difficult to tell what is going on, particularly with the astrometric solution.

PixInsight MosaicByCoordinates is extremely good, but the sister routine of PhotometricMosaic is rather cumbersome, only working a pair of fields at a time. It also doesn’t work well when the fields are rotated in xy with respect to one another, so it starts to fail with larger areas nearer the poles.

GradientMergeMosaic is just not very good.

Other more commercial packages are great eg PTGui, but really only work with stretched images - at which point frame-to-frame border matching becomes problematic.

What do others use out there. Any advice or tips?

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Jon Woodhead avatar

Hi Brian,

Are you using the latest version of APP (beta39)? I has a quote ‘much improved registration engine’ which apparently makes creation of larger mosaics easier?

That said I have personally not encountered any problems in past versions with the construction of large or many-panel mosaics using APP.

This one is very large (9 panels each 26 × 17 degrees):

large mosaic

and these involved large numbers of panels:

64 panel mosaic

21 panel mosaic

cheers, Jon

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Brian Boyle avatar

Hi John, Those mosaics are amazing. I use beta9, so I should update. Having said that my problems with APP have largely occurred for mosaics with 20+ panels and 1000 sq deg or greater. Perhaps I am just asking too much, but I will see what the newer version of APP can do.

My latest Vela Ha mosaic is here 9 fields, roughly 25 × 18 degrees.

https://app.astrobin.com/i/3htj0m/

Nevertheless, I have always thought it odd that this is not something PI can do a little better. [Again, this might just be my lack of awareness

Many thanks again

Brian

Jon Woodhead avatar

I think that you should be OK with the latest version of APP. I have never had any issues with the registration/stitching of large mosaics….it is more the control of gradients which adds to my already far-too-numerous grey hairs….especially when mosaic panels are obtained over many months with highly variable lighting conditions..🙂

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Jeff Parke avatar

I feel a bit out of my league responding here, as I have only experience with SeeStar S50 data. There is a Siril script written by Nazmus <https://app.astrobin.com/u/naztronomy> for smart telescopes recently. It does mosaics so much better than PixInsight for the types of data I’ve dealt with. Just toss all the subs at it and it sorts out the borders, integrating all the subs with feathering. After my own struggles with MosaicByCoordinates and GradientMergeMosaic, this feels like the cats meow/bees knees I had been hoping for.

https://app.astrobin.com/u/jeffparke?i=5h1594 is an result of using this tool. It’s not a huge amount outside of SeeStar FOV but still needed to be a mosaic. I had a collection of subs around the region, some using the SeeStar’s built-in mosaic builder, some of panes I had set. I didn’t even look at the data - just gave all the subs to the script, setting exclusion criteria for the script to toss out 15% of worst subs on 4 criteria. The result was easy to crop and bring to it’s colourful status in PixInsight.

I’m learning how to run the SeeStar with NINA and have a sequence of about 20 panes in the region around the Keyhole I want to run. Panes have 10% overlap but I will use a large drizzle for subs. I’ve tried a lesser region around Carina using Pixinsight and with less sophisticated choice of panes in the past with not great luck. I’ll try to post here if the rain stops and I get the 3-4 hours time time on target this should take.

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